Process

steps

stages

Time Order

activities

events

Contrast

differences

Comparison

likenesses

similarities

Spatial

place order

after

after

alternatively

also

above

afterward

afterward

although

akin

adjacent  to

again

again

but

alike

behind

as

as

can be distinguished from

analogous

below

before

at length

conversely

as well 

between

finally

at the same time

despite

as well as

beyond

first

before

differs from

by comparison

closer to

following this

currently

different from

by the same token

down from

fourth

during

distinct

comparable

east

immediately

earlier

distinguished from

correspondingly

elsewhere

next

eventually

distinctive

equal

far near

second

finally

diverse

equally

farther

then

first

even so

equivalent

here

third

following this

however

identical

in back

while

formerly

in contrast

in a similar manner

in front of

from now on

in spite of

in like manner

in the distance

immediately

instead

in the same way

nearby

in the future

inversely

likewise

neighboring on

in the meantime

nevertheless

parallel

north

in the past

nonetheless

related

on top

later

notwithstanding

same

opposite to

meantime

on the contrary

similarly

south

meanwhile

on the one hand/

on the other hand

straight ahead

next

otherwise

there

now

rather

to the left

presently

still

to the right

previously

though

west

second

unlike

shortly

yet

simultaneously

whereas

sometimes

soon

subsequently

then

thereafter

third

today

tomorrow

when

while

Illustration

Example

generalization and examples

Classification

large group divided into a small group by specific characteristics

Cause

Effect

reason or condition and

effect or consequence

Argumentation

emphasis

Summary

brief explanation of what was said

as demonstrated

categorized

accordingly

absolutely

as had been stated

for example

category

affect

above all

as has been noted

for instance

characteristics

as a result

always

as I have said

in fact

class

because

best

finally

in general

divided into

cause

by all means

in conclusion

in this case

field

consequently

certainly

in other words

in particular

grouped

effect

extremely

in short

specifically

kind

for that reason

emphatically

in summary

such as

parts

hence

highest

lastly

the following examples

some features

if, then

major

summing up

thus

the first category

may be due to

minor

to recapitulate

to demonstrate

the first group

on account of

most

to rephrase

to illustrate

the first kind

problems

most important

to sum up

the first type

reasons

never

thus

the second category

results

positively

to summarize

the second group

since

primary

the second kind

so

surely

the second type

solutions

undeniably

the third category

therefore

unquestionably

the third group

thus

vital

the third kind

without a doubt

the third type

without reserve

types

various elements

Definition

lists meanings

Addition

provides supplementary information

Order of Importance

lists items in order of value

Descriptive

creates a picture of the object or scene-

use adjectives to describe the sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch of the object or scene